Surendra Lalwani
Metro College of health Sciences & Research, Greater Noida, India
Title: Photodynamic therapy: A magic approach to treat Melanoma
Biography
Biography: Surendra Lalwani
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality of cancer treatment based on light induced killing of cells after administration of a photosensitizer. It gives good cure rates for superficial skin tumors. PDT requires the presence of a photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen. The PSs preferentially accumulates in target tissues, and the photodynamic process is initiated with the application of light. Red light at 600 nm is used for its sufficient penetration into tissue which causes generation of highly destructive species that result in both cellular and vascular necrosis, along with initiation of apoptotic pathways. Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer, with a steeply rising incidence and a poor prognosis in its advanced stages. Melanoma is highly resistant to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, although modern targeted therapies such as PDT is showing some promise. Malignant tumors take up and retain hematoporphyrin (Hp) to a much greater extent than do normal tissues; it is possible to deliver visible light to porphyrin-containing tumors when normal surrounding cells are depleted of the injected pigment. In vitro evaluation of photocatalytic bleaching (RNO) determination, cell viability test (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), cellular uptake. In vivo study using malignant melanoma cells (B16F10), female BALB/c mice (20-25 g) - Gamma scintigraphy, tumor volume measurement, Hematological parameters and histopathological parameters were studied and the result obtained were analysis. It was concluded that that after PDT treatment, a remarkable damage of tumor vasculature and secondary necrosis of tumor tissue was observed along with a significant inhibition of tumor growth.